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Population and Housing Census 2021 A population and housing census is the collection, analysis and aggregation of data with a precise census moment in order to determine the composition, location, economic and social distribution, etc. of the population. Who conducts the census? In Europe, the statistical office of the European Union, Eurostat, coordinates population and housing censuses. Eurostat obliges Member States to carry out a population census in a given year and determines a precise list of mandatory output characteristics and their format, in order to ensure the comparability of data

From 1782 to 1858, 7 countings of the population were organized which could be considered forerunners of modern population censuses. The Statistical Committees, established in Estonia and Livonia in 1863, considered it necessary to conduct censuses according to the principles laid down at international conferences on Statistics. The first population census organized on the basis of these principles took place in the towns of Livonia on 3 March 1867. In the Estonian territory 5 towns were included: Pärnu, Tartu, Valga, Viljandi and Võru. At that time those towns were part of the Livonian