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Social protection helps the underprivileged and vulnerable members of society to cope, covering public and private financial support and support services for job search, health care and daily living. The state organises social protection through social insurance and social welfare. Social insurance provides a person at least a minimum income in the event of loss of employment, illness, birth of a child, incapacity for work and old age. Social welfare is aimed at improving the living standards of the most vulnerable members of society and preventing poverty. Social protection measures help
Area
Import of services takes place when a resident of Estonia purchases services from a non-resident, incl. from an economic unit that belongs to the same enterprise group but is located abroad. For providing services, it is not necessary to cross country borders, i.e. services can be provided in Estonia or abroad.
Area
Export of services takes place when a resident of Estonia sells services to a non-resident, incl. to an economic unit that belongs to the same enterprise group but is located abroad. For export of services, it is not necessary to cross country borders, i.e. services can be provided in Estonia or abroad.
Article
In Estonia, the general government sector comprises three sub-sectors: central government, local governments, and social security funds. The central government sub-sector includes state budget units, foundations, and legal entities governed by public law. The local government sub-sector includes city and rural municipality governments with their subsidiary units, and foundations. Social security funds include the Estonian Health Insurance Fund and the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund. Pauline Kommer, the Government Finance Service Manager at Statistics Estonia, said that all three sub
Lowest-ever gender pay gap recorded in Estonia last year
Date 23.04.2026
Article
“In 2025, average gross hourly wages were 13 euros for men and 11.4 euros for women, meaning that women’s wages were 12.2% lower. This means that the gender pay gap in Estonia was the narrowest ever,” said Krista Vaikmets, leading analyst at Statistics Estonia. She added that the gender pay gap has decreased by 10.7 percentage points in the last 15 years. Wage inequality is the greatest in financial and insurance activities Looking at individual economic activities, the indicators vary. “In 2025, the gender pay gap was the biggest in financial and insurance activities (23.6%), wholesale and