Search results

Gender pay gap refers to the difference between the average gross hourly wages and salaries of male and female employees by economic activity at the letter code level. Part-time employees' earnings are also taken into account when comparing gross hourly wages and salaries. Hourly wages and salaries are used to calculate the gender pay gap on the basis of a pan-European methodology. The gender pay gap is calculated by subtracting the average gross hourly wages and salaries of female employees from those of male employees and dividing the difference by the average gross hourly wages and salaries

The list of economic units is a helpful tool primarily for those respondents who are required to report in statistical questionnaires financial transactions or financial assets and liabilities broken down by customer or type of transaction, e.g. loans granted and deposits taken by credit institutions or lease claims of customers of leasing companies. The list of economic units is published once a year (in December) and includes economic units that have been economically active in at least one of the last three years. An exception is all financial sector units, which are included in the list

Research and development (R&D) aim at acquiring new knowledge or using existing knowledge in a novel way. For example, it is the improvement of a product or work process. R&D ends when the main product is developed and the focus is shifted to production planning or market expansion. The main features of R&D are novelty, creativity, ambiguity, systematicity and transferability. Novelty means discovering something new, and with that goal in mind, researchers carry out studies at universities and research institutes. In business, novelty refers to new discoveries or technologies that have not

Social protection helps the underprivileged and vulnerable members of society to cope, covering public and private financial support and support services for job search, health care and daily living. The state organises social protection through social insurance and social welfare. Social insurance provides a person at least a minimum income in the event of loss of employment, illness, birth of a child, incapacity for work and old age. Social welfare is aimed at improving the living standards of the most vulnerable members of society and preventing poverty. Social protection measures help