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According to Statistics Estonia, in 2019, the expenditures on research and development (R&D) in Estonia amounted to 453 million euros, which is 24% more than in 2018. The share of R&D expenditures in the gross domestic product was 1.61%, making it the highest share in the last five years.

According to the preliminary data of Statistics Estonia, in 2019, turnover increased in most economic activities. Trade, manufacturing and information and communication enterprises contributed the most to the turnover of the business sector. The growth in the sector’s turnover was negatively affected mainly by energy and mining.

According to Statistics Estonia, in the second quarter of 2021, the average monthly gross wages and salaries were 1,538 euros, which is 7.3% higher than the year before. Gross wages and salaries were the highest in Harju and Tartu counties, and in information and communication, financial and insurance activities and the energy sector.

According to Statistics Estonia, in October 2014, the gross hourly earnings of female employees were 23.3% lower than the gross hourly earnings of male employees. The gender pay gap decreased by 1.5 percentage points compared to the previous year.

According to the second estimates of Statistics Estonia, the gross domestic product (GDP) of Estonia increased 1.3% in the 3rd quarter of 2016 compared to the 3rd quarter of the previous year. The biggest contribution to GDP growth was made in the economic activity of transportation, followed by trade and the energy sector.

Statistics Estonia analysed the economic contribution of working international students and international graduates. The analysis, commissioned by the Education and Youth Board, shows that, in the academic year 2021/22, international degree students contributed 14 million euros and international graduates over 8 million euros in taxes. In recent years, there has been a considerable rise in the number of international graduates who stay to work in Estonia after graduation. The majority of these graduates work in Tallinn.