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According to Statistics Estonia, on 1 January 2024, the population of Estonia was 1,374,687. There were 10,949 births and 16,002 deaths in Estonia in 2023.

The producer price index of industrial output, which expresses changes in the producer prices of industrial goods manufactured in Estonia for the domestic market and for export, decreased by 0.4% in March 2023 compared with February 2023 and increased by 7.9% compared with March 2022.

According to Statistics Estonia, in May, the turnover of retail trade enterprises was 905 million euros. Compared with May 2022, turnover fell by 10% at constant prices.

“In the first half of 2025, foreign trade in goods increased by 9%. Exports of goods amounted to nearly €9.3 billion and imports to almost €11.1 billion at current prices,” said Jane Leppmets, foreign trade analyst at Statistics Estonia. “The main commodities exported in the first half of the year were electrical equipment, agricultural products and food preparations, and wood and articles of wood. The main commodities imported were transport equipment, agricultural products and food preparations, and electrical equipment,” Leppmets noted, adding that the top export and import partners in the

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2014, the number of passengers served by Estonian transport enterprises decreased by 2% and the freight volume in tonnes decreased by 5% compared to the previous year. Passenger traffic volume increased by 6% in passenger-kilometres, but freight turnover fell 15% in tonne-kilometres.

According to Statistics Estonia, in the second quarter of 2023, the unemployment rate was 6.7%, the employment rate was 69.2%, and the labour force participation rate was 74.2%.