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The focus of the global goal “Responsible Consumption and Production” is sustainable production and consumption patterns, more efficient use of resources and activities that reduce human impact on the environment and health. The 2030 Agenda lays down implementing the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns. The essence of the programmes is sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources. Food waste must be reduced by a half and food losses must be reduced in production and supply chains. The agenda highlights the need for environmentally

Global and local environmental goals focus largely on reaching a balance between limited ecological resources and people’s well-being. According to the strategy “Sustainable Estonia 21”, achieving an ecological balance requires using natural resources sustainably, reducing pollution and preserving biological diversity and natural areas. Globally, the aims are to stop activities contributing to climate change, to consume and produce in a sustainable and clean way, to preserve water resources and to produce energy using environmentally friendly solutions. Data on the environment are necessary to

The focus of the global goal “Clean Water and Sanitation” is the need to ensure that people have clean drinking water, sanitation and hygiene conditions. Lack of quality and adequate water supply and sanitation affects reaching other global goals such as healthcare, promoting education and reducing poverty. The 2030 Agenda sets the target to improve water and sanitation systems to ensure access to quality drinking water and adequate wastewater treatment. Mainly, indirect measures must be taken, for example, improving water resources management, preventing pollution of water bodies with waste

The focus of the global goal “Zero Hunger” is food and access to food. The goal is to end hunger by 2030, and therefore, the emphasis is on food sufficiency and quality of food that would meet the nutritional needs of the poor and the vulnerable groups. For ending hunger and ensuring adequate nutrition, the 2030 Agenda lays down measures to double agricultural productivity in order to increase food production and reduce food waste. An important goal is to develop crops that are resistant to climate change and improve soil quality. It is essential to maintain the genetic diversity of local

The focus of the global goal “Sustainable Cities and Communities” is problems related to rapid urbanisation. Although cities are sources of innovation and exhibit fast growth in the number of jobs as well as economic growth, urbanisation also causes problems, such as poor living conditions, air pollution, poor access to services and lacking infrastructure. The 2030 Agenda includes a global target to ensure everybody adequate, safe, affordable housing and basic services, and improve slums. Efficient waste management and availability of transport networks, especially of public transport, is