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In 2017, the social protection field was mostly characterised by growth trends: the average old-age pension exceeded 400 euros, labour market measures are being used more and there is a greater variety of them, the expenditure on family allowances increased and new allowances for large families were added. The number of old-age pensioners and subsistence benefit recipients has declined.

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2018, the expenditure on research and development (R&D) in Estonia amounted to 365.6 million euros, which is a fifth more than in 2017.

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2017, the expenditure on research and development (R&D) in Estonia amounted to 304.3 million euros, which is 13% more than in 2016.

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2019, a household member spent an average of 489 euros per month, which is 81 euros more than in 2016. The share of compulsory expenditure, i.e. unavoidable food and dwelling expenses in the household budget has decreased by 3% in three years.

According to revised data of Statistics Estonia, in 2009 the Estonian general government sector deficit was 1.7% and gross debt level was 7.2% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In the 1st half of 2010 the general government sector deficit was 4.2 billion kroons and gross debt level was 15 billion kroons.