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Lauri Veski, team lead of consumer price statistics at Statistics Estonia, said that, compared with October 2023, the consumer price index was affected the most by price changes related to food and non-alcoholic beverages, recreation, and phone services. “Among food products, the higher prices of non-alcoholic beverages (+20.4%), fruits (+12.4%) and vegetables (+5.5%) drove up the index the most compared with October last year. Sugar was 23.3% and fish and fish preparations 4.6% cheaper,” added Veski. In October, petrol was 11.3% and diesel fuel 12.9% cheaper than in October 2023. Electricity

According to Statistics Estonia, the average gross monthly wages and salaries in the first quarter of 2023 were 1,741 euros, which is 13.3% higher than at the same time last year. The median wages, however, were 1,424 euros. The average real wages in the first quarter of 2023 were 1,443 euros, 3.2% lower than last year.

Census results show that 243 different mother tongues are spoken in Estonia. Estonian is spoken as a mother tongue by 67% and as a foreign language by 17% of the population. Therefore, a total of 84% of the population speaks Estonian.

According to Statistics Estonia, in July 2023, the total production of industrial enterprises decreased by 9.5% at constant prices compared with the year before. Output declined in all three main sectors: by 33.6% in electricity production, by 7.0% manufacturing, and by 20.7% mining.