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According to the data of the 2011 Population and Housing Census (PHC 2011), 388,077 persons or 30% of Estonian residents suffered from some long-term illness or health problem. People with higher education suffer from long-term illnesses on average two times less than persons with basic or lower education.

According to Statistics Estonia, the unemployment rate was 6.2%, the employment rate was 65.2% and the labour force participation rate was 69.4% in 2015. The unemployment level was significantly lower and the employment rate and labour force participation rate higher than in 2014. Compared to 2014, labour market indicators improved thanks to the results of the first three quarters, whereas in the 4th quarter the situation changed.

According to Statistics Estonia, one of the most important population development indicators — life expectancy — has shown an increasing trend in Estonia in case of women as well as men during the last decade. Due to a higher life expectancy, women outnumber men at the age of 65+ by two times.

According to Statistics Estonia, in the 2nd quarter of 2012, the number of unemployed persons decreased to 71,000 and the unemployment rate to 10.2%. The situation of young people on the labour market has not improved this year.

According to Statistics Estonia, in August 2014, the production of industrial enterprises rose 3% compared to August of the previous year. The production increased in manufacturing, while in mining and energy the production decreased.

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2016, the average monthly gross wages and salaries were 1,146 euros; compared to 2015, the average monthly gross wages and salaries increased by 7.6%. The annual average monthly gross wages and salaries increased in all economic activities. The monthly gross wages and salaries were highest in the 4th quarter.