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Terje Trasberg, team lead of population and education statistics at Statistics Estonia, said that 18,634 persons immigrated to Estonia and 17,260 persons emigrated in 2024. “Last year, natural increase was negative (–6,066 people), while net migration was positive (+1,374 people). As the negative natural increase deepened compared with previous years, the positive net migration could no longer compensate for it. Therefore, the population fell by almost 5,000 people last year,” she said, adding that the last time Estonia's population declined was in 2016. There were 6,100 fewer births than

Lauri Veski, team lead of consumer price statistics at Statistics Estonia, said that the exchange prices of electricity had the biggest influence on the harmonised index of consumer prices compared with the previous month as well as with February last year. “Compared with February 2024, prices have increased across almost all categories of goods and services. Clothing and footwear are the only exception, as their prices were down by 1.6% year on year,” said Veski. The consumer price index uses weights reflecting the average expenditure structure of Estonian residents, while the harmonised

Jane Leppmets, analyst at Statistics Estonia, noted that, compared with 2024, exports of services to European Union countries increased by 4% in the first quarter of this year, while imports from these countries grew by 8%. Exports of services to non-EU countries rose by 6% and imports from these countries increased by 18%. “The latter was mainly due to higher imports of services from Cyprus, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In the first quarter, the largest import items were other business services from Cyprus, transport services from the United Kingdom, and telecommunications

Tea Vassiljeva, analyst at Statistics Estonia, explained that there were 64,200 unemployed persons in the first quarter of 2025, which is the highest value of this indicator in the last 12 years. “The number of the unemployed increased by 5,300 compared with the same quarter of last year. The unemployment rate rose to 8.6%, which is 0.8 percentage points more than a year earlier and 1.2 percentage points more than in the fourth quarter of last year,” noted Vassiljeva. The unemployment rate was 9% for men and 8.2% for women. “Ida-Viru county was the only region where the unemployment rate

Kaia Oras, a leading expert at Statistics Estonia, explained that the growth in demand for environmental goods and services has been due to both increased awareness of environmental problems as well as higher environmental and energy saving requirements, especially in construction. “The rapid growth in energy-efficient new construction and reconstruction of buildings has a huge impact. Together, these generated €1.5 billion in output,” Oras added. Among the energy produced from renewables, electricity and heat production from renewable energy sources accounted for €482.2 million and the

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2023, the average expenditure of Estonian residents on overnight outbound trips was greater than in the period before the COVID-19 pandemic. The average spending on outbound trips has increased by 43% in the years 2018–2023. The number of tourists accommodated in Estonia has not yet reached the pre-pandemic level, but the share of domestic tourists has increased significantly compared with 2018.

According to Statistics Estonia, in the second quarter of 2024, the unemployment rate was 7.6%, the employment rate was 69.7%, and the labour force participation rate was 75.4%.

According to Statistics Estonia and Eesti Pank, in the fourth quarter of 2023, Estonia’s exports of services grew by 5% and imports by 7% compared with the same quarter of 2022. Sales of services to non-residents totalled 3.1 billion euros and purchases of services from non-residents amounted to 2.3 billion euros at current prices. Total exports of services increased by 9% and imports by 8% last year.