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The focus of the global goal “Climate Action” is to mitigating the impact from climate change and adapting to it. The average global temperature continues to rise and global sea ice is shrinking. This causes floods and natural disasters to occur more often and increases the risk of species extinction. The 2030 Agenda lays down the target to mitigate climate change as well as adapt to it. Political programmes and strategies must include these topics. It is necessary to raise awareness about climate change, capacity to mitigate it and adjust to it, reduce its impact and provide early warning. On

The focus of the global goal “Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions” is people’s overall security. Mainly attention is paid to regions of military conflict, but the goal is to increase security everywhere. The 2030 Agenda targets emphasise the need to reduce violence and the number of related deaths, especially among children. Child abuse and exploitation, trafficking in children, violence against and torture of children must be ended. The activities of countries must be based on the rule of law. Corruption is to be reduced, while other 2030 targets include reducing illegal financial and arms

Climate change is considered to be one of the greatest challenges facing mankind. It is believed to be caused by greenhouse gas emissions from human activities. Climate change can be mitigated by ecosystems, such as forests, water bodies and bogs that absorb carbon dioxide emitted into the air. Climate statistics provide an overview of greenhouse gas emissions and the investments related to climate change mitigation in Estonia. Climate statistics provide information on greenhouse gas emissions per GDP and per capita; greenhouse gas emissions from the energy sector; emissions of carbon dioxide

The focus of the global goal “Clean Water and Sanitation” is the need to ensure that people have clean drinking water, sanitation and hygiene conditions. Lack of quality and adequate water supply and sanitation affects reaching other global goals such as healthcare, promoting education and reducing poverty. The 2030 Agenda sets the target to improve water and sanitation systems to ensure access to quality drinking water and adequate wastewater treatment. Mainly, indirect measures must be taken, for example, improving water resources management, preventing pollution of water bodies with waste

The beginning of school is a significant change in a child’s life. They say learning is a child’s job. In addition to providing knowledge, the school also teaches skills and gives experience, from rules of conduct to social skills and entrepreneurship. The school shapes the child's personality and the ability to cope in the world. School attendance is compulsory by law until the age of 17 or until the person completes basic education. General education statistics show the number of general education schools in Estonia; the number of pupils in general education schools; the average number of

Births and deaths are a normal part of life. They also have an impact on the number of population of a country. Around a half of deaths in Estonia are caused by diseases of the circulatory system, followed by cancers. The number of deaths caused by cancers gradually increases with age. The causes of death are very different by age. Almost a half of the deaths of children and young people are a result of accidents. Deaths caused by accidents decrease with age. The data on the deaths of Estonian inhabitants help to predict population change and implement measures to prevent early deaths.

Each person in Estonia has the right to live in a healthy environment and make healthy choices. The healthier we are, the longer we lead fulfilling lives and the greater is our life expectancy. Health has a significant impact on coping with everyday life, on the social and economic contribution to a country’s development and overall success of a country. In 1948, the World Health Organization defined ‘health’ as “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”. According to the Constitution of Estonia, protection of one’s health is

Gross domestic product (GDP) is calculated taking account of all economic transactions. When calculating the real economic growth, there needs to be an adjustment for price changes. The nominal GDP includes price changes, which is removed when calculating the real GDP. The real economic growth shows how much the volume of goods in the economy has increased.

Being at risk of poverty means that a person’s income is below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold. The threshold is calculated on the basis of equivalised disposable income that takes into account the composition of the household (the weight of the first adult member is 1, the weight of each additional member aged at least 14 years is 0.5 and the weight of everyone under 14 years of age is 0.3), i.e. the total household income is divided by the sum of equivalence scales of household members. The at-risk-of-poverty threshold is 60% of the median equivalised annual disposable income of household

The focus of the global goal “Quality Education” is accessibility of quality education and opportunities to participate in lifelong learning. Going to school, levels of education, teachers’ education, educational institutions’ compliance with requirements (incl. sanitary) and differences in study results are observed together. The 2030 Agenda sets the target to ensure free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education for all. Before school, small children require early childhood development so that they would be ready to enter primary education. The number of youths and adults with