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Breadcrumb

  1. Home
  2. Methodology and quality
  3. ESMS metadata
  4. Ecosystem accounting

Ecosystem accounting

1. Contact
1.1. Contact organisation

Statistics Estonia

1.2. Contact organisation unit

Economic and Environmental Statistics Department

1.3. Contact name

Kaia Oras

1.4. Contact person function

Leading Analyst

1.5. Contact mail address

51 Tatari Str, 10134 Tallinn, Estonia

1.6. Contact email address

kaia.oras [at] stat.ee

1.7. Contact phone number

3725042694

2. Metadata update
2.1. Metadata last certified

27/03/2025

2.2. Metadata last update

27/03/2025

3. Statistical presentation
3.1. Data description

Ecosystem extent by class and ownership category (institutional sector)

Supply of ecosystem services (by ecosystem type) and use of ecosystem services (by institutional sector) evaluated by two methods (market price, costs and revealed preferences based methods; stated preferences based methods)

3.2. Classification system

Estonian Classification of Economic Activities (EMTAK 2008) based on NACE Rev. 2

Services are classified on the basis of CICES V5.1 (Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) V5.1. Guidance on the Application of the Revised Structure (2018)).

3.3. Sector coverage

Ecosystem accounts cover all institutional sectors of the European system of accounts.

3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions

In connection with the changes planned in Regulation (EU) No 691/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council, which include adding a new module to ecosystem accounting, the main concepts and definitions will be made available when the changes take effect.

The main concepts and definitions are available in the ecosystem accounting handbook System of Environmental-Economic Accounting—Ecosystem Accounting: Final Draft, UN (2021).

Cultural service – a service or good that is expressed in opportunities for aesthetic and spiritual enjoyment, relaxation and sports, and acquiring new knowledge in a suitable environment, e.g. recreation and environmental education.

Ecosystem service — a service, good or benefit, the creation of which is supported by ecosystem processes (the ecosystem as if supplies a service) and that individuals, the economy and society directly or indirectly use.

Market price, costs and revealed preferences based methods – the evaluation methods for monetary value of ecosystem services are based on assigning a value to a service on the basis of its direct or indirect market value. The evaluation methods include, for example, the market price method, avoided damage costs method and replacement cost method. In the case of revealed preferences based methods the value assigned to a service depends on the expenditures incurred on consuming the service.

Regulation service – a service or good that emerges from the regulation of natural phenomena by ecosystem processes, e.g. climate regulation, pollination.

Stated preferences based methods – the monetary value of ecosystem services is found by surveying willingness to pay. This is a contingent valuation method that expresses the preferences of a survey sample to pay for the preservation or use of specific ecosystem services.

Supply service – direct goods or materials that people receive from an ecosystem, e.g. food, timber, materials.

3.5. Statistical unit

Economic territory

Institutional unit

3.6. Statistical population

Not applicable

FRAME

Not applicable

3.7. Reference area

Estonia as a whole

3.8. Time coverage

2019–…

3.9. Base period

Not applicable

4. Unit of measure

Financial data – thousand euros (tables KK091, KK092, KK093, KK094)

Ecosystem extent – hectare (table KK090)

5. Reference period

Year

6. Institutional mandate
6.1. Legal acts and other agreements

DIRECTLY APPLICABLE LEGAL ACTS

Regulation (EU) No 691/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2011 on European environmental economic accounts

OTHER LEGAL ACTS

Not available

OTHER AGREEMENTS

Not available

7. Confidentiality
7.1. Confidentiality - policy

The dissemination of data collected for the purpose of producing official statistics is guided by the requirements provided for in § 32, § 34, § 35, § 38 of the Official Statistics Act.

7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

The dissemination of data collected for the production of official statistics is based on the requirements laid down in §§ 34 and 35 of the Official Statistics Act.

The principles for treatment of confidential data can be found here.

8. Release policy
8.1. Release calendar

Notifications about the dissemination of statistics are published in the release calendar, which is available on the website. Every year on 1 October, the release times of the statistical database, news releases, main indicators by IMF SDDS and publications for the following year are announced in the release calendar (in the case of publications – the release month).

8.2. Release calendar access

Calendar

8.3. User access

All users have been granted equal access to official statistics: dissemination dates of official statistics are announced in advance and no user category (incl. Eurostat, state authorities and mass media) is provided access to official statistics before other users. Official statistics are first published in the statistical database. If there is also a news release, it is published simultaneously with data in the statistical database. Official statistics are available on the website at 8:00 a.m. on the date announced in the release calendar.

9. Frequency of dissemination

Annual

10. Accessibility and clarity
10.1. News release

Not published

10.2. Publications

To be determined.

10.3. Online database

Data are published in the statistical database at https://andmed.stat.ee/en/stat under the subject area “Environment / Natural resources and their use / Change of land use” in the following tables:

KK090: Ecosystem extent by ownership category and ecosystem type

KK091: Supply of ecosystem services (market price, costs-based and revealed preferences based methods)

KK092: Use of ecosystem services (market price, costs-based and revealed preferences based methods)

KK093: Supply of ecosystem services (stated preferences based methods)

KK094: Use of ecosystem services (stated preferences based methods)

10.4. Microdata access

The dissemination of data collected for the purpose of producing official statistics is guided by the requirements provided for in § 33, § 34, § 35, § 36, § 38 of the Official Statistics Act. Access to microdata and anonymisation of microdata are regulated by Statistics Estonia’s procedure for dissemination of confidential data for scientific purposes.

10.5. Other

Not used

10.6. Documentation on methodology

System of Environmental-Economic Accounting — Ecosystem Accounting: Final Draft, UN (2021)

System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012 — Experimental Ecosystem Accounting, UN (2014)

Technical Recommendations in support of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012 — Experimental Ecosystem Accounting, UN (2019)

10.7. Quality documentation

Not available

11. Quality management
11.1. Quality assurance

To assure the quality of processes and products, Statistics Estonia applies the EFQM Excellence Model, the European Statistics Code of Practice and the Quality Assurance Framework of the European Statistical System (ESS QAF). Statistics Estonia is also guided by the requirements in § 7. “Principles and quality criteria of producing official statistics” of the Official Statistics Act.

11.2. Quality assessment

Statistics Estonia performs all statistical activities according to an international model (Generic Statistical Business Process Model – GSBPM). According to the GSBPM, the final phase of statistical activities is overall evaluation using information gathered in each phase or sub-process; this information can take many forms, including feedback from users, process metadata, system metrics and suggestions from employees. This information is used to prepare the evaluation report which outlines all the quality problems related to the specific statistical activity and serves as input for improvement actions.

12. Relevance
12.1. User needs

Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications

Ministry of Finance

Ministry of Rural Affairs

Ministry of the Environment

Research institutions and universities

12.2. User satisfaction

Since 1996, Statistics Estonia has conducted reputation and user satisfaction surveys. All results are available on the website of Statistics Estonia in the section User surveys.

12.3. Completeness

The requirements are to be determined.

13. Accuracy and reliability
13.1. Overall accuracy

Data accuracy depends on the quality of other statistical activities used as input. The accuracy of source data is checked. The requirements are to be determined.

13.2. Sampling error

Not applicable

13.3. Non-sampling error

Not measured

14. Timeliness and punctuality
14.1. Timeliness

Not applicable

14.2. Punctuality

Not applicable

15. Coherence and comparability
15.1. Comparability - geographical

Geographical comparability is to be determined.

15.2. Comparability - over time

Comparability over time is to be determined.

15.3. Coherence - cross domain

The data are coherent with the national accounts.

15.4. Coherence - internal

Supply of ecosystem services (by ecosystem type) and use of ecosystem services (by institutional sector) are linked with information on ecosystem extent.

16. Cost and burden

–

17. Data revision
17.1. Data revision - policy

The data revision policy and notification of corrections are described in the section Principles of dissemination of official statistics of the website of Statistics Estonia.

17.2. Data revision - practice

The published data may be revised if the methodology is modified, errors are discovered, new or better data become available.

18. Statistical processing
18.1. Source data

SURVEY DATA

Not used

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

Data on the consolidated balance of mineral resources, administrative and settlement division, topography and land cadastre are received from the Estonian Land Board.

Data of the forest register, felling volume data by tree species and variety, spatial data, data on eligible semi-natural communities, Natura habitats, and data on semi-natural communities collected by the Estonian Seminatural Communities Conservation Association are received from the Estonian Environment Agency.

Data on average timber prices in interim storage and nature education expenses are received from the State Forest Management Centre.

Data of annual reports are received from the commercial register of the Centre of Registers and Information Systems.

Data of Natura inventories are received from the Estonian Fund for Nature.

Data of the state register of immovable property are received from the Ministry of Finance.

DATA FROM OTHER STATISTICAL ACTIVITIES

Data from statistical activities 20206 “Energy consumption and production (annual)”, 40003 “Household Panel Survey”, 10104 “Environmental taxes accounts”, 22203 “Manufactured goods and industrial services”, 21214 “Crop farming”, 21207 “Economic accounts for agriculture” and 21201 “Sown area of field crops (until 2015)” are used.

18.2. Frequency of data collection

Annual

18.3. Data collection

Data of the Estonian Environment Agency (wild game hunting in Estonia and map data of hunting districts, felling volumes) and data of the State Forest Management Centre (forest seed quantities and prices) are received by e-mail.

Data of mineral deposits are obtained from the map application of the Land Board (WFS service).

Data of annual reports are received from the commercial register via X-Road.

Quarterly data of map layers are received from the State Forest Management Centre with a query.

Data from the University of Tartu are obtained from the address https://zenodo.org/record/4291855#.YT9MAt9RWw4 (EstSoil-EH: A high-resolution eco-hydrological modelling parameters dataset for Estonia).

Map layers of the project ELME (berries, mushrooms, herbs, habitat provision, etc.) are received from the Estonian Environment Agency with a query.

18.4. Data validation

Expert assessments, content-based and logical checks are used in data validation.

18.5. Data compilation

Collected data are converted into statistical output. This includes GIS analysis and calculation of additional indicators.

18.6. Adjustment

Not applied

19. Comments

Not available

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stat [at] stat.ee

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