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Kadri Rootalu, the service manager of population and education statistics at Statistics Estonia, said that the demographic trends of recent years continued in 2025. “Last year, over 6,000 more people died than were born. Emigration remained at the level of 2024, but immigration decreased. Net migration was negative for the first time since 2014. The population of Estonia declined by 7,041 overall,” explained Rootalu. The number of births was under 10,000 for the second time in history 9,092 children were born in 2025, which is 6% less than in 2024. “Compared with 2024, there were 600 fewer

According to Statistics Estonia, in the fourth quarter of 2023, the gross domestic product (GDP) decreased by 2.7% compared with the same period of 2022. The GDP at current prices was 9.9 billion euros in the fourth quarter. In 2023 as a whole, Estonia’s GDP decreased by 3% and amounted to 37.7 billion euros at current prices.

Helle Bunder, leading analyst at Statistics Estonia, said that manufacturing production in October decreased for the second month in a row. “Although the volume of industrial production was up in half of the manufacturing activities in October, the overall volume of the sector declined, mainly due to a decrease in the production of computers and electronic products (3.1%), food products (1.9%), and electrical equipment (6.8%). A slight drop was also seen in the manufacture of wood, at 0.8%,” Bunder added. “The decline in the production of computers and electronic products is primarily due to

Buses transported 41.6 million passengers and travelled 39 million kilometres in the first quarter. Anton Kardakov, leading analyst at Statistics Estonia, noted that the most used type of bus transport was once again urban bus lines. “In the first quarter, the number of bus passengers on urban lines increased by 6% year on year, reaching 34.2 million. However, this did not fully compensate for the loss of trolleybus passengers due to the closure of the last trolleybus routes in Tallinn. The number of tram passengers decreased by about 2% compared with the same period last year, standing at 5.1

Johanna Linda Pihlak, analyst at Statistics Estonia, said that while turnover volume in June increased by 5% year on year, growth slowed down to 1% in July. “Year on year, turnover volume grew by 10% in enterprises engaged in the retail sale of automotive fuel and by 3% in stores selling manufactured goods. The turnover volume of grocery stores continued to decline in July, falling by 5% compared with July 2024,” Pihlak added. Among stores selling manufactured goods, the biggest increase at 28% was registered in the turnover volume of other specialised stores selling predominantly computers

The Community Innovation Survey is conducted in European countries every two years, with the most recent survey covering the reference period 2022–2024. Innovation means the introduction of new or significantly improved products or services or the implementation of improved business processes. A product or process innovation could mean the introduction of new technical solutions, the innovative combination of existing and already used technologies, or the application of knowledge available within the enterprise. Hanno Evard, analyst at Statistics Estonia, said that innovative enterprises play

Environmental goods and services refer to production activities which have as their main purpose the prevention, reduction and elimination of pollution and of any other degradation of the environment, as well as the safeguarding of natural resources against depletion. In the renewable energy field, for example, the relevant goods and services include solar panels and wind turbines as well as their installation and maintenance, but also the production of renewable energy and related energy carriers. In the circular economy and waste management domain, the environmental goods include, for

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2021, the Dwelling Price Index increased by 15.1% compared to the average of 2020.

Helle Bunder, leading analyst at Statistics Estonia, said that, in June, the volume of industrial production increased in more than half of the manufacturing activities, including most of the major activities. “Looking at the larger industries, there was an increase in output in the manufacture of wood (4.0%), fabricated metal products (10.2%), computers and electronic products (8.0%), and electrical equipment (3.2%). Among the major industries, output decreased in the manufacture of food products (5.1%) and rubber and plastic products (4.7%),” the analyst noted. In June 2025, 64.8% of the

Germo Valgenberg, leading analyst in the producer price statistics team at Statistics Estonia, said that, year on year, the producer price index rose for the third month in a row. “The rise in November was slightly bigger than in October and September,” he noted. “Compared with November 2024, the index was most affected by price increases in electricity and heat energy production and in the manufacture of wood and wood products, peat products and crushed stone,” said Valgenberg. Falling prices in the manufacture of fuel oils, textiles and basic metals had the opposite effect on the index