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While at the beginning of the new century it was mainly the inhabitants of Estonia who eagerly moved elsewhere in Europe, today more and more citizens of other European Union countries are settling in Estonia. Kristjan Erik Loik, leading analyst at Statistics Estonia, takes a look at who has arrived here in the last 20 years.

The most populous country is India, and the world's population will continue to increase until at least 2084. This is according to the population projection published by the United Nations in July.

According to Statistics Estonia, on 1 January 2024, the population of Estonia was 1,374,687. There were 10,949 births and 16,002 deaths in Estonia in 2023.

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2023, Estonian accommodation establishments served over 3.43 million tourists, which is 5% more than in 2022. The number of foreign tourists increased last year, while the number of domestic tourists decreased.

According to Statistics Estonia, in May 2024, the total production of industrial enterprises fell by 1.2% compared with May last year. Among the three industrial sectors, output increased by 2.1% in electricity production but decreased by 0.7% in mining and by 1.4% in manufacturing.

“In 1994, the life expectancy of Estonian residents was 66.5 years, whereas by 2024 it had increased by 13 years and reached 79.5 years. In both Latvia and Lithuania, life expectancy has increased by about nine years in the same 30-year period. Life expectancy is currently 77.6 years in Lithuania and 75.6 years in Latvia,” explained Eveli Voolens, the social statistics team lead at Statistics Estonia. She added that Latvia has one of the lowest life expectancies in Europe. On the other hand, in Finland, life expectancy was already 76.7 years in 1994 and has now increased by 4.9 years to 81.6

In Estonia, the general government sector comprises three sub-sectors: central government, local governments, and social security funds. The central government sub-sector includes state budget units, foundations, and legal entities governed by public law. The local government sub-sector includes city and rural municipality governments with their subsidiary units, and foundations. Pauline Kommer, team lead of government finance statistics at Statistics Estonia, said that both the central government and local governments ended 2024 in deficit. “The deficit was 553.9 million euros for the central

According to Statistics Estonia, in the fourth quarter of 2023, the gross domestic product (GDP) decreased by 2.7% compared with the same period of 2022. The GDP at current prices was 9.9 billion euros in the fourth quarter. In 2023 as a whole, Estonia’s GDP decreased by 3% and amounted to 37.7 billion euros at current prices.

In the last 20 years, the share of people walking to work has fallen by nearly half. There is less use of public transport, while commuting by car has risen. Tea Vassiljeva, analyst at Statistics Estonia, looked at the data and examined how the commuting habits of Estonians have changed in recent decades.