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According to the preliminary data of Statistics Estonia, on 1 January 2024, the population of Estonia was 1,366,491, which is 607 persons more than at the same time a year ago. In 2023, there were 10,721 births and 15,832 deaths in Estonia. Based on the data on registered migration, 20,209 persons immigrated to Estonia and 14,491 persons emigrated from Estonia. Compared with a year earlier, the number of births, deaths and immigrants has fallen, while the number of emigrants has risen.

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2023, the organic farming area in Estonia was 225,300 hectares, representing 22.8% of total utilised agricultural area. 92% of the organic farming area was fully converted and the rest was under conversion. Compared with 2022, the organic farming area decreased by 2.5%, and 78 organic producers ceased activities.

According to Statistics Estonia, in the second quarter of 2023, the total production value of Estonian construction enterprises in Estonia and abroad decreased by 12% at constant prices compared with the second quarter of 2022. Considering only the domestic market, the fall in construction volume was 14%.

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2008 there were 73,000 persons in Estonia engaged in different cultural activities. The most popular activity was choir singing.

According to Statistics Estonia, in the first quarter of 2024, the total production value of construction enterprises in Estonia and abroad decreased by 13% compared with the same quarter a year earlier. On the domestic construction market, volume fell by 14%.

According to Statistics Estonia, 265,000 tourists stayed in accommodation establishments in May 2023, which is 7% more than in May last year. The number of foreign tourists increased, but there were fewer domestic tourists.

Johanna Linda Pihlak , analyst at Statistics Estonia, said that, compared with November 2024, turnover volume fell by 5% in grocery stores and by 1% in stores selling manufactured goods. “The turnover volume of enterprises engaged in the retail sale of automotive fuel continued to increase and was up by 13% year on year,” added Pihlak. Among stores selling manufactured goods, the biggest decrease at 10% was registered in the turnover volume of stores selling via mail order or the internet. “It is important to note that the turnover volume of Estonian retail trade enterprises does not include

Census data show that 58% of the population was employed at the end of 2021, which is 6 percentage points more than 10 years ago. The increase is mainly due to persons of retirement age, but also slightly to the unemployed and students.

According to the preliminary data of Statistics Estonia, in the fourth quarter of 2022, the gross domestic product (GDP), which shows how the Estonian economy is doing, declined by 4.1% compared with the same period of 2021. The GDP at current prices was 10 billion euros.

Census results show that 243 different mother tongues are spoken in Estonia. Estonian is spoken as a mother tongue by 67% and as a foreign language by 17% of the population. Therefore, a total of 84% of the population speaks Estonian.