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2017 was a record year in world tourism. More foreign tourists visited Estonia than in any of the previous years. 3.5 million domestic and foreign tourists stayed in Estonian accommodation establishments. There were 7% more tourists in accommodation establishments than a year earlier, including 9% more domestic tourists and 5% more foreign tourists. Of those staying in accommodation establishments, by country of residence, the number of Estonian residents increased the most, and of foreign tourists, more tourists arrived from Russia and Latvia. The total number of domestic and foreign tourists who stayed in accommodation establishments set a new record already for the eighth consecutive year.

According to the preliminary data of the 2011 Population and Housing Census, there are 1,294,236 permanent residents in Estonia. Compared to the previous census, the number of permanent residents in Estonia has decreased by 75,816 or 5.5%.

The total area of utilised agricultural land did not change considerably in 2017. Production of field crops was higher than in the previous year, but a lot of production was not harvested. The number of pigs increased and the number of cattle also increased slightly. Less meat but more milk and eggs were produced than in the previous year.