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According to the preliminary data of Statistics Estonia, on 1 January 2024, the population of Estonia was 1,366,491, which is 607 persons more than at the same time a year ago. In 2023, there were 10,721 births and 15,832 deaths in Estonia. Based on the data on registered migration, 20,209 persons immigrated to Estonia and 14,491 persons emigrated from Estonia. Compared with a year earlier, the number of births, deaths and immigrants has fallen, while the number of emigrants has risen.

According to the preliminary data of Statistics Estonia, on 1 January 2021, the population of Estonia was 1,329,460 persons, which is 480 persons more than at the same time a year ago. Population decreased by 2,590 persons due to negative natural increase and increased by 3,070 persons as a result of positive net migration.

According to Statistics Estonia, 1,365,884 people live in Estonia as of 01.01.2023, which is 34,088 persons (2.6%) more than at the same time a year ago. In 2022, there were 11,646 births and 17,315 deaths in Estonia. 49,414 persons immigrated to Estonia and 9,657 persons emigrated from Estonia, therefore, immigration exceeded emigration fivefold.

According to the preliminary data of Statistics Estonia, on 1 January 2023, the population of Estonia was 1,357,739, which is 2% (25,943 persons) more than at the same time a year ago. In 2022, there were 11,588 births and 17,245 deaths in Estonia. Based on the data on registered migration, 42,022 persons immigrated to Estonia and 10,422 persons emigrated from Estonia. 75% (31,594) of the immigrants were from Ukraine.

According to the revised data of Statistics Estonia, on 1 January 2021, the population of Estonia was 1,330,068, which is 1,179 persons more than the year before*. Last year, the population figure decreased by 2,602 persons due to negative natural increase but increased by 3,782 persons as a result of positive net migration.

According to the revised data of Statistics Estonia, 1,324,820 persons lived in Estonia on 1 January 2019, which is 5,687 persons more than at the same time a year earlier. In 2018, the population figure decreased by 1,384 persons due to negative natural change, but increased by 7,071 persons as a result of positive net migration.

Terje Trasberg, leading analyst at Statistics Estonia, said that 2024 was similar to 2023. “Last year, almost 6,000 more people died than were born. Immigration exceeded emigration by 550 people. While in the last two years, positive net migration compensated for the exceptionally low number of births, in 2024 the population as a whole also declined by more than 5,000 people,” Trasberg explained. Number of births continues to drop The analyst noted that the decline in births accelerated further in 2024 compared with 2023. “9,646 babies were born in 2024, which is more than 1,000 fewer than the

Terje Trasberg, team lead of population and education statistics at Statistics Estonia, said that 18,634 persons immigrated to Estonia and 17,260 persons emigrated in 2024. “Last year, natural increase was negative (–6,066 people), while net migration was positive (+1,374 people). As the negative natural increase deepened compared with previous years, the positive net migration could no longer compensate for it. Therefore, the population fell by almost 5,000 people last year,” she said, adding that the last time Estonia's population declined was in 2016. There were 6,100 fewer births than