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Births and deaths are a normal part of life. They also have an impact on the number of population of a country. Around a half of deaths in Estonia are caused by diseases of the circulatory system, followed by cancers. The number of deaths caused by cancers gradually increases with age. The causes of death are very different by age. Almost a half of the deaths of children and young people are a result of accidents. Deaths caused by accidents decrease with age. The data on the deaths of Estonian inhabitants help to predict population change and implement measures to prevent early deaths.

Birth statistics are analysed to get an idea of the possibilities and problems facing future generations. Fertility rates also have a major impact on the education system and on the labour market and social services offered. The study of birth trends gives valuable insight for improving health and family policies. This enables us to shape a future where the society can meet people’s needs as well as possible, thereby ensuring sustainable development. The statistics on births focus on families and provide information, such as how many children were in a family when a new child was born; where

Biodiversity (biological diversity) is a common good, which needs to be carefully preserved. The protection and sustainable use of ecosystems and species contribute to reducing environmental pressure and natural disasters. Healthy and coherent ecosystems also mitigate the effects of global warming. One of the global sustainable development goals is to reduce the degradation of natural habitats and halt the loss of biodiversity. Statistics Estonia publishes the following information on biodiversity, its protection and land use: ecosystem extent; nature protection and relevant expenditures; land

A country’s greatest wealth is the people who live there. Knowing who make up the country's population tells us also about its past, present and future. Population includes all people living in the country, including foreign nationals and stateless persons. Population indicators show the breakdown of people living in Estonia by sex, age, nationality and educational level as well as where they come from. In Estonia, it is necessary to make sure that future generations will continue to sustain local life. The main population indicators are the following: population figure as at the beginning of