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According to the preliminary data of Statistics Estonia, in 2018, the Estonian general government deficit was 0.5% and the gross debt level was 8% of the gross domestic product.

According to Statistics Estonia, in the first quarter of 2022, the labour force participation rate was 73.1%, the employment rate was 69%, and the unemployment rate was 5.5%*.

Statistics Estonia prepared an analysis for Archimedes Foundation on the participation of international students in the Estonian labour market and its impact on the economy. It appeared that in the previous academic year, foreign students paid eight million euros in income and social tax in Estonia. International students who graduated the year prior contributed additionally over two million euros. The share of international students who work besides studying has increased significantly in the last three years. A half of them continue working in Estonia even after receiving a diploma.

Evelin Puura, the foreign trade statistics team lead at Statistics Estonia, said that trade in August was affected by the continued decline in exports and imports in trade with European Union (EU) countries. “Compared with August 2023, exports to EU countries decreased by 3% and imports from EU countries by 8%. At the same time, extra-EU exports were up by 6%,” noted Puura. The main commodities exported in August were electrical equipment (16% of Estonia’s total exports), agricultural products and food preparations (11%), and wood and articles of wood (11%). Year on year, the biggest decrease

According to Statistics Estonia, in June 2021, the total production of industrial enterprises increased by 11% year on year. Production increased in all three main industrial sectors: by 19% in mining, by 14% in energy production and by 10% in manufacturing.

According to Statistics Estonia, in 2021, life expectancy at birth was 77.2 years in Estonia. Male life expectancy was 72.8 years and female life expectancy was 81.4 years. Life expectancy has decreased for both men and women. Men can expect to live disability-free for 54.9 years and women for 58 years.

According to the preliminary data of Statistics Estonia, in 2021, the Estonian general government deficit was 2.4% and the debt level was 18% of the gross domestic product (GDP). At the end of last year, the total expenditures of the general government exceeded revenues by 721 million euros.

29% of people in Estonia are estimated to be affiliated with a religion. This figure has remained unchanged over the last three population censuses. However, the proportion of people who do not feel an affiliation to any religion has increased – from 54% in 2011 to 58% in 2021. The most prevalent religion in Estonia is Orthodox Christianity.